Philosophical Instructions

Chapters

1. Translator’s Introduction
2. Part I: Introductory Discussions
3. Lesson One: A Glance at the Course of Philosophical Thought: (From Its Origins to the Islamic Epoch)
4. Lesson Two: A Glance at the Course of Philosophical Thought (from the Middle Ages to the Eighteenth Century)
5. Lesson Three: A Glance at the Course of Philosophical Thought (in the last two centuries)
6. Lesson Four: The Technical Meanings of “Science” and “Philosophy”
7. Lesson Five: Philosophy and The Sciences
8. Lesson Six: What is Philosophy?
9. Lesson Seven: The Position of Philosophy
10. Lesson Eight: The Method of Philosophical Inquiry
11. Lesson Nine: The Relation between Philosophy and the Sciences
12. Lesson Ten: The Necessity of Philosophy
13. Part II: Epistemology
14. Lesson Eleven: Introduction to Epistemology
15. Lesson Twelve: The Self-Evidence of the Principles of Epistemology
16. Lesson Thirteen: The Divisions of Knowledge
17. Lesson Fourteen: Acquired Knowledge
18. Lesson Fifteen: Types of Universal Concepts
19. Lesson Sixteen: Empiricism
20. Lesson Seventeen: The Role of the Intellect and Sensation in Ideas
21. Lesson Eighteen: The Role of the Intellect and Sensation in Affirmations
22. Lesson Nineteen: The Value of Knowledge
23. Lesson Twenty: The Evaluation of Ethical and Legal Propositions
24. Part III: Ontology
25. Lesson Twenty-One: Introduction to Ontology
26. Lesson Twenty-Two: The Concept of Existence
27. Lesson Twenty-Three: Entified Reality
28. Lesson Twenty-Four: Existence and Whatness
29. Lesson Twenty-Five: Precepts of Whatness
30. Lesson Twenty-Six: Introduction to the Fundamentality of Existence
31. Lesson Twenty-Seven: The Fundamentality of Existence
32. Lesson Twenty-Eight: Unity and Multiplicity
33. Lesson Twenty-Nine: Unity and Multiplicity in Entified Existence
34. Lesson Thirty: The Levels of Existence
35. Part IV: Causality
36. Lesson Thirty-One: Cause and Effect
37. Lesson Thirty-Two: The Principle of Causation
38. Lesson Thirty-Three: The Causal Relation
39. Lesson Thirty-Four: The Causal Relation among Material Things
40. Lesson Thirty-Five: The Dependence of the Effect on the Cause
41. Lesson Thirty-Six: The Relations of Cause and Effect
42. Lesson Thirty-Seven: The Principles of Cause and Effect
43. Lesson Thirty-Eight: The Efficient Cause
44. Lesson Thirty-Nine: The Final Cause
45. Lesson Forty: The Purposefulness of the Cosmos
46. Part V: The Material and the Immaterial
47. Lesson Forty-One: The Material and the Immaterial
48. Lesson Forty-Two: What is Location?
49. Lesson Forty-Three: What is Time?
50. Lesson Forty-Four: Kinds of Substances
51. Lesson Forty-Five: Continuation of the Discussion of the Kinds of Substance
52. Lesson Forty-Six: Matter and Form
53. Lesson Forty-Seven: Accidents
54. Lesson Forty-Eight: Quality
55. Lesson Forty-Nine: The Reality of Knowledge
56. Lesson Fifty: The Union of the Knower and the Known
57. Part VI: The Immutable and the Changing
58. Lesson Fifty-One: The Immutable and the Changing
59. Lesson Fifty-Two: The Potential and the Actual
60. Lesson Fifty-Three: A Continuation of the Discussion of the Potential and the Actual
61. Lesson Fifty-Four: Generation and Corruption
62. Lesson Fifty-Five: Motion
63. Lesson Fifty-Six: Properties of Motion
64. Lesson Fifty-Seven: Divisions of Motion
65. Lesson Fifty-Eight: Motion in Accidents
66. Lesson Fifty-Nine: Motion in Substance
67. Lesson Sixty: Further Discussion of Substantial Motion
68. Part VII: Theology
69. Lesson Sixty-One: The Way to Know God
70. Lesson Sixty-Two: Demonstrations of the Necessary Existent
71. Lesson Sixty-Three: Tawhīd
72. Lesson Sixty-Four: The Unity of Divine Actions
73. Lesson Sixty-Five: The Divine Attributes
74. Lesson Sixty-Six: Attributes of Essence
75. Lesson Sixty-Seven: Attributes of Action
76. Lesson Sixty-Eight: The Purpose of Creation
77. Lesson Sixty-Nine: Divine Decree and Destiny
78. Lesson Seventy: Good and Evil in the Cosmos